This volume includes selected papers from the 28th Language Testing Research Colloquium, held at the University of Melbourne (Australia) in July 2006. The papers selected for this volume share a common theme that of performance. Not only do they focus on performance assessments of second or foreign language speaking and writing, but they also focus on the performance of the participants the candidate (or candidates) and the raters and the construction of that performance through the tasks and the assessment criteria.