The third fully revised and expanded edition of this book has been specifically written with the aim of providing useful guidance to students of agriculture and horticulture, as well as horticultural enthusiasts. Emphasis has been placed on explaining the principles and methods of breeding important horticultural crops, as well as the achievements made in developing new cultivars in these crops.This book has been designed to serve as both a text and reference, and has been divided into three major parts. The first part covers the principles and methods of breeding used in horticultural crops propagated both sexually and asexually. The second part discusses the achievements in breeding of perennial horticultural crops, while the third part focuses on the accomplishments in breeding of annual horticultural crops.