This book provides a theoretical and technical basis for advanced research on visual data compression and communication. It presents the results of the author''s research on visual data compression and transmission. Studying scalable video coding (SVC), it considers the fundamental problem to be solved in SVC-motion compensation. It explores directional transforms, extends the current coding framework by visual synthesis and reconstruction, and explains how to apply compressive sensing to solve the compression problems in transmission. It also develops the pseudo-analog transmission for image and video.