This fourth volume focuses on the 1980s and further fortifies the intellectual traditions set by the earlier volumes. Included in the volume are chapters by Bernard Magubane on the apartheid state; Sifiso Ndlovu on the ANC and negotiations; Bhekizizwe Peterson on the the arts; Zine Magubane on women's struggles; Gregory Houston on the ANC's underground and armed struggle; and Thami ka Plaatje on the PAC.