In this ground-breaking book, Jonathan Lyons unpacks Western habits of thinking and writing about Islam, conducting a careful analysis of the West's grand totalizing narrative across one thousand years of history. He observes the discourse's corrosive effects on the social sciences, including sociology, politics, philosophy, theology, international relations, security studies, and human rights scholarship. Following its influence on research, speeches, political strategy, and government policy, Lyons concludes that this persistent narrative prevents the West from responding effectively to the rise of Islamic powers, the emergence of religious violence and sectarianism, and the growing tension between established social values and multicultural rights among Muslim immigrant populations.