The technological advances in recent decades have had an exceptional impact on the model of society causing what can be considered a true «revolution», which is both social and cultural, economic and legal. In particular, the Internet has made possible the birth of a new «civic habitat» that creates new opportunities for people to exercise their rights and freedoms in a space that knows no boundaries or time limits. Nevertheless, the Internet may also represent a new source of risk for the individual and his rights, thus giving rise to new challenges for their protection. Therefore this work seeks to address, as its title indicates, the challenges raised by the Internet and new technologies in relation to human rights.