In today's globalising world, the regional specialisations built up over decades are transforming rapidly. Many regions that were historically production centres in a given sector are losing out to lower-cost locations and reorienting to higher value-added niches. National programmes to promote cluster-based approaches -- linking firms, people and knowledge at a regional level -- are being used to meet the challenge. This report analyses the objectives, targeting, instruments and inter-governmental role sharing used by 26 programmes in 14 OECD countries. It will be of interest to policy makers, researchers, firms and others active in promoting innovation and competitiveness.
Executive Summary
Introduction
Part I. Synthesis Report
Chapter 1. Why Are Clusters Popular, Againoe
Chapter 2. Where Do the Programmes Originateoe
Chapter 3. How Do Programmes Pick Participantsoe
Chapter 4. What Instruments Do They Use and Howoe
Chapter 5. Who Does Whatoe Governance
Chapter 6. What Have We Learnedoe
Bibliography
Part II. Case Studies
Chapter 7. Canada
Chapter 8. Czech Republic
Chapter 9. Finland
Chapter 10. France
Chapter 11. Germany
Chapter 12. Italy
Chapter 13. Japan
Chapter 14. Korea
Chapter 15. Netherlands
Chapter 16. Norway
Chapter 17. Spain: The Basque Country
Chapter 18. Sweden
Chapter 19. United Kingdom
Chapter 20. United States: Georgia
Chapter 21. United States: Oregon