Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly recognized as a transformative tool in the field of radiation and nuclear safety. This technology offers significant opportunities to enhance the safety, security, efficiency, and reliability of nuclear facilities and radiation-related operations. The book contains chapters that describe general topics about different radiation and nuclear safety applications of AI technology in radiation and nuclear endevours and facilities, as follows: (i) ethical aspects of radiation and nuclear safety, and their relationship with AI, (ii) AI and radiation protection, (iii) AI and the challenges to nuclear safety; as well as a set of more specific chapters (v) Artificial intelligence and radiation protection in medical applications (diagnosis and therapy), (vi) AI for radiation protection in the decommissioning of radiation and nuclear facilities, and (vii) innovation in the role of AI for regulatory document management. The adoption of AI will also require significant regulatory updates and workforce training to keep pace with technological advancements. As AI applications expand-both in predictable and unforeseen ways-regulatory bodies must adapt to ensure ongoing compliance and safety assurance. Continued collaboration among AI developers, nuclear safety experts, and regulatory authorities will be critical. With the right safeguards, AI has the potential to significantly transform the radiation and nuclear industries by providing safer, more efficient, and more effective solutions.