Explores the subversive refigurings of womanhood in three novels by women writers: "La hija del bandido" (1887) by Refugio Barragan de Toscano (Mexico; 1846-1916), "Blanca Sol" (1888) by Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera (Peru; 1845-1909), and "Luz y sombra" (1903) by Ana Roque (Puerto Rico; 1853-1933).