Gene therapy as a potential method for the treatment of genetic disorders and other malignancies, as well as the treatment of many cancers, has attracted a great amount of attention in recent years. Current research focuses on stable and smart drug/gene-delivery systems, including controlled release. Nanoparticle (NP)-Based Delivery Vehicles looks at smart nanostructures and how these are considered a promising approach when applied to drug- and gene-delivery systems, in addition to how to solve the problems related to the inefficient transfer of medication to the affected cells.