Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Jewish Studies, grade: 1,0, University of Erfurt, language: English, abstract: Zygmunt Bauman's theory explains how modern nation states categorise and define their population, as well as "friends" and "enemies" based on ethnical, cultural and historical homogeneity. In this process ambivalent elements, especially minority groups. are eliminated from the nation. For Bauman this structural inheritent development is the main reason for the failed assimilatory aspirations of the German Jews in the late 19th and early 20th century. Zionism as reaction to denied national identity in the host countries shows in itself the same structural elements which caused the exclusion of the Jews from the German society. Jewish nationalists applied similar strategies and methods of stigmatisation and displacement during the Jewish nation-building process on the native population of Palestine and the oriental Jews to construct national order and identity.