This book is a compilation of five chapters. The goal of Chapter One is to organize the literature studies on thermal decomposition of Dicationic Ionic Liquids (DILs), demonstrating how decomposition is generally measured and which parameters are utilized to characterize decomposition properties. In Chapter Two, the authors are describing the synthesis of chiral ionic liquids and their application in asymmetric organic transformations. Chapter Three provides a review of G4 organization, including the structures and mechanisms for G4 detection, highlights the advantages of G4 ligand structures, and provides insights into future prospects in the field. Chapter Four is a DFT study of the different properties and applications of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids. The final chapter focuses on the recent reports on dicationic liquid crystals based on imidazolium motifs, both flexibly or rigidly linked bisimidazolium salts and will also discuss new perspectives in the design and targeted applications of the bisimidazolium based ILCs.