This book presents an overall vision of different aspects of benefits of exercise, such as emotional and psychological benefits, role of exercise in insulin regulation, benefits in conditions such as fibromyalgia, oncologic disease, rheumatic inflammatory diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome, oral health, dementia, mental health and autism spectrum. Potentialities of aquatic exercise for health are also addressed. Developed within a base of scientific accuracy and precision, this book aims to accomplish a general synthesis of the topics included, so that it can be a scientific dissemination book for students and professionals in the field of fitness, who seek to update their scientific knowledge about the benefits of exercise in different areas of health, as well as the type of exercise that should be performed to prevent different pathologies, but who are not readers of scientific journals. Therefore, this book is a must read for fitness professionals, sport scientists, sports students, and for anyone who wants to deepen their knowledge about the benefits of exercise in different pathologies, and in health in general.