This book examines how emerging digital technologies are reshaping industrial production and national energy infrastructures. Drawing on interdisciplinary research and real-world case studies, the author illuminates the organizational, economic, and policy transformations driven by the accelerating shift toward digital and agentic systems.Key features include an in-depth assessment of how digital tools can enhance productivity, resilience, and sustainability across manufacturing, energy, and organizational systems. The book explains the principles of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0, the evolution of knowledge-management practices, and the growing role of agentic AI in shaping decision-making and energy security. Through analytical frameworks and a detailed case study of Electricite de France, the book demonstrates how digital transformation can be implemented in practice. Its multidisciplinary approach, drawing from management science, engineering, economics, and sustainability, equips readers with both theoretical insight and actionable guidance.This monograph offers a concise yet comprehensive guide to navigating the complexities of the digital era. It is intended for researchers and postgraduate students seeking to understand or implement effective digital strategies in industry and the energy sector. By combining conceptual clarity with applied analysis, the book highlights the opportunities and challenges of digital transformation and provides readers with the tools to respond effectively to technological, organizational, and societal change.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.