Case Study from the year 2017 in the subject Engineering - System Science, grade: 90.0, University of Tlemcen (Pan African University Institute of Water and Energy Sciences (Including Climate Change)), course: MSc Water Engineering, language: English, abstract: The objective was to address water and sanitation tariffs in Africa, along with their relationship to cost recovery, cross-subsidies, and financial sustainability. The study was conducted on 45 water utilities from 23 countries in Africa in 2006-2007. Middle income countries (MIC):Cape Verde, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa others are low income countries(LIC). Water utilities covered are at national level for countries with single utility and at regional or provincial level for countries with many service providers in decentralized system.